Effect of Dentin Biomodification Using Naturally Derived Collagen Cross-Linkers: One-Year Bond Strength Study

Purpose. This study investigated the long-term resin-dentin bond strength of dentin biomodified by proanthocyanidin-rich (PA) agents. Materials and Methods. Forty molars had their coronal dentin exposed, etched, and treated for 10 minutes with 6.5% grape seed extract (GSE), 6.5% cocoa seed extract ethanol-water (CSE-ET), 6.5% cocoa seed extract acetone-water (CSE-AC), and distilled water (CO). Samples were restored either with One-Step Plus (OS) or Adper Single-Bond Plus (SB). Bond strength test was performed immediately or after 3, 6, and 12 months. Results. Higher 𝜇TBS were observed for GSE immediately (SB- 62.9MPa; OS- 51.9MPa) when compared to CSE-ET (SB- 56.95MPa; OS- 60.28MPa), CSE-AC (SB- 49.97MPa; OS- 54.44MPa), and CO (SB- 52.0MPa; OS- 44.0MPa) (𝑃 < 0.05). CSE outcomes were adhesive system and solvent dependant. After 12 months storage SB results showed no difference among treatment types (GSE- 57.15MPa; CSE/ET- 54.04MPa; CSE/AC- 48.22MPa; CO- 51.68MPa; 𝑃 = 0.347),while OS results where treatment dependent (GSE- 42.62MPa; CSE/ET- 44.06MPa; CSE/AC- 41.30MPa; CO- 36.85MPa; 𝑃 = 0.036). Conclusions. GSE and CSE-ET agents provided enhanced immediate adhesion and stabilization to demineralized dentin after long-term storage, depending on adhesive system.