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Successful Periodontal Ligament Regeneration by Periodontal Progenitor Preseeding on Natural Tooth Root Surfaces

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journal contribution
posted on 2011-05-27, 00:00 authored by Smit J. Dangaria, Yoshihiro Ito, Xianghong Luan, Thomas G.H. Diekwisch
The regeneration of lost periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone is the purpose of periodontal tissue engineering. The goal of the present study was to assess the suitability of 3 odontogenic progenitor populations from dental pulp, PDL, and dental follicle for periodontal regeneration when exposed to natural and synthetic apatite surface topographies. We demonstrated that PDL progenitors featured higher levels of periostin and scleraxis expression, increased adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential, and pronounced elongated cell shapes on barren root chips when compared with dental pulp and dental follicle cells. When evaluating the effect of surface characteristics on PDL progenitors, natural root surfaces resulted in elongated PDL cell shapes, whereas PDL progenitors on synthetic apatite surfaces were rounded or polygonal. In addition, surface coatings affected PDL progenitor gene expression profiles: collagen I coatings enhanced alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin expression levels and laminin-1 coatings increased epidermal growth factor (EGF), nestin, cadherin 1, and keratin 8 expression. PDL progenitors seeded on natural tooth root surfaces in organ culture formed new periodontal fibers after 3 weeks of culture. Finally, replantation of PDL progenitor-seeded tooth roots into rat alveolar bone sockets resulted in the complete formation of a new PDL and stable reattachment of teeth over a 6-month period. Together, these findings indicate that periodontal progenitor cell type as well as mineral surface topography and molecular environment play crucial roles in the regeneration of true periodontal anchorage.

Funding

This study was generously supported by the National Institute for Dental Research Grants DE15045 (to T.G.H.D.) and DE019463 (to X.L.).

History

Publisher Statement

This is a copy of an article published in the Stem Cells and Development. © 2011 [copyright Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.]; Stem Cells and Development is available online at: http://www.liebertonline.com. The original version is available through Mary Ann Liebert at DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0431

Publisher

Mary Ann Liebert

Language

  • en_US

issn

1557-8534

Issue date

2011-03-09

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