Electromagnetic Studies of 2D Nanomaterials and Their Heterostructures

2 dimensional (2D) nanomaterials offer a wide range of useful properties that can be leveraged to solve numerous real-world problems such as developing new ways to manage and store data, build new detectors for various applications, and so much more. The 2D materials can also be used in tandem with each other, which can result in materials with superimposed properties or materials that exhibit entirely new physical phenomena. In the first and second chapters of this work, 2D materials are first introduced and an example of their unique properties and usefulness are demonstrated. TMDs represent one of the most versatile materials in terms of semiconductors, due to their characteristics like broken inversion symmetry and bandgap in the visible range. Their superior optoelectronic properties can be harnessed to design new ways to store and communicate data, and further miniaturize electrical devices such as transistors. In the third and fourth chapters of this work, thin films and their applications in high energy physics experiments are presented. Thin films offer the ability to incorporate materials other than silicon into detectors, while enabling large-area deposition which is expected to drastically reduce the amount of cost and time for construction. It also enables monolithic designs where the sensor component and the readout are combined into a single device. Thin film materials can operate without the need for cumbersome support structures and cooling instruments. The comprehensive understanding of the underlying physics and material science will enable the development of next-generation device and sensors which will have far-reaching applications including computational memory and storage, high-energy physics, sensors for medicine, and national security.