In vitro Effects of Berberine versus Sodium Hypochlorite on Dentin Flexural Strength

Berberine, a goldenseal extract, has been proven to effectively reduce the bacterial load of E. faecalis in a tooth model. Objective: To measure the root dentin strength, by evaluating flexural strength, collagen degradation, and collagen temperature denaturation after exposure to irrigating solutions of Berberine Chloride (BBr), Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), or a BBr/NaOCl combination. Methods: Twenty-four caries, restoration and crack-free single-rooted human permanent teeth were decoronated and the apical 1/3 of each root was sectioned to prepare 7.0mm root samples. Dentin beams (sections) were prepared by making 7mmX3mmX0.3mm slices through each root. Control beams for each group were prepared from the same tooth as the experimental group. Irrigation was performed on one surface of the tooth samples. Teeth were divided into four groups as follows: Group 1-60 seconds irrigation with saline; Group 2- 60 seconds irrigation with 0.2% BBr; Group 3- 120 seconds irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl; Group 4- 120 seconds irrigation 5.25% NaOCl followed by 60 seconds irrigation 0.2% BBr. Specimens were then tested for flexural strength using a 3-point flexural device. From the same teeth, dentin disks were cut into 2mmX2mmX0.25mm to measure collagen degradation using a collagen digestibility method and collagen temperature denaturation was examined by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences in flexural strength, collagen degradation, and collagen temperature denaturation among groups (p>0.05) was detected. Conclusion: Irrigation with berberine and/or sodium hypochlorite did not alter radicular dentin strength when compared to saline.