Using Fluctuations to Explore QCD Phase Diagram

Quantum Chromodynamics is one of the most remarkable theories of Nature. Its mathematical foundations are concise, yet the phenomenology which the theory describes is broad and diverse. QCD phenomenology at finite temperature and baryon number density is one of the least explored regimes of the theory. Thermodynamic properties of QCD theory are most readily expressed in terms of a phase diagram in the space of thermodynamic parameters as T and µB. In other hand, the event-by-event fluctuations of suitably chosen observables in heavy ion collisions can tell us about the thermodynamic properties of the hadronic system at freeze-out, as well as the thermodynamic properties at early time such as initial state. In this thesis, we are going to use fluctuations to study QCD phase structure.